A Good Turfgrass Maintenance Program for Henrico County

Fertilization for Cool-Season Lawns

Cool-season grasses such as tall fescue require approximately 2.7 pounds of nitrogen (N) per 1,000 square feet per year. Phosphorus (P) levels are usually sufficient in Henrico soils, and excess phosphorus from lawn fertilizer may contribute to water pollution in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

Apply a starter fertilizer only if soil-test results recommend additional phosphorus. Apply potassium (K) according to soil-test results. If additional potassium is needed, use a winterizer or fall fertilizer blend. The September-October-November fertilization program is based on nitrogen applications. Follow the fertilizer label directions, which are designed to supply approximately 0.9 pound of nitrogen per application.

Protecting and Promoting Turfgrass Growth

Recommended Lawn-Care Practices

Water

Provide at least 1 inch of water per week, approximately 625 gallons per 1,000 square feet, through rainfall or irrigation during the growing season. Calibrate irrigation by placing shallow pans in the spray pattern and timing how long it takes to collect 1 inch. During prolonged drought, allow the lawn to go dormant to conserve water.

Mowing

Cut often enough that no more than one-third of the grass blade is removed per mowing. Leave clippings on the lawn when possible. Mow cool-season grasses at a height of 3 inches.

Weed control

Identify problem weeds and use an appropriate herbicide when mechanical control is not practical. A broadleaf weed-control product applied in spring and fall while weeds are actively growing can control weeds such as chickweed, henbit, lespedeza and spurge. Contact the Extension Office for current recommendations for harder-to-control weeds. Read and follow all label directions to prevent injury to nearby trees and shrubs.

Crabgrass control

Apply preemergence crabgrass herbicides in early spring before forsythia blooms fade and dogwoods reach full bloom. A repeat application according to label directions is usually necessary for season-long control.

Disease and insect control

Fungicides and insecticides are generally unnecessary for home lawns when recommended fertilization and irrigation practices are followed.

Lime

Test the soil every 2-3 years to determine lime needs. Maintain a soil pH of 6.2-6.5 for good turf.

Seed

Improved turf-type tall fescues are generally recommended for the Richmond area. Contact the Extension Office for its annually updated variety recommendations. For new lawns, seed tall fescue at 4-6 pounds per 1,000 square feet. For overseeding, use 2-3 pounds per 1,000 square feet.